Dover Beach

THE sea is calm to-night,

The tide is full, the moon lies fair

Upon the straits; -- on the French coast the light

Gleams and is gone; the cliffs of England stand,

Glimmering and vast, out in the tranquil bay.

Come to the window, sweet is the night-air!

Only, from the long line of spray

Where the sea meets the moon-blanch'd land,

Listen! you hear the grating roar

Of pebbles which the waves draw back, and fling,

At their return, up the high strand,

Begin, and cease, and then again begin,

With tremulous cadence slow, and bring

The eternal note of sadness in.

Sophocles long ago

Heard it on the Aegean, and it brought

Into his mind the turbid ebb and flow

Of human misery; we

Find also in the sound a thought,

Hearing it by this distant northern sea.

The sea of faith

Was once, too, at the full, and round earth's shore

Lay like the folds of a bright girdle furl'd.

But now I only hear

Its melancholy, long, withdrawing roar,

Retreating, to the breath

Of the night-wind, down the vast edges drear

And naked shingles of the world.

Ah, love, let us be true

To one another! for the world which seems

To lie before us like a land of dreams,

So various, so beautiful, so new,

Hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light,

Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain;

And we are here as on a darkling plain

Swept with confused alarms of struggle and flight,

Where ignorant armies clash by night.

Matthew Arnold

Lines Written in Kensington Gardens

IN this lone, open glade I lie,

Screen'd by deep boughs on either hand;

And at its end, to stay the eye,

Those black-crown'd, red-boled pine-trees stand!

Birds here make song, each bird has his,

Across the girdling city's hum.

How green under the boughs it is!

How thick the tremulous sheep-cries come!

Sometimes a child will cross the glade

To take his nurse his broken toy;

Sometimes a thrush flit overhead

Deep in her unknown day's employ.

Here at my feet what wonders pass,

What endless, active life is here!

What blowing daisies, fragrant grass!

An air-stirr'd forest, fresh and clear.

Scarce fresher is the mountain-sod

Where the tired angler lies, stretch'd out,

And, eased of basket and of rod,

Counts his day's spoil, the spotted trout.

In the huge world, which roars hard by,

Be others happy if they can!

But in my helpless cradle I

Was breathed on by the rural Pan.

I, on men's impious uproar hurl'd,

Think often, as I hear them rave,

That peace has left the upper world

And now keeps only in the grave.

Yet here is peace for ever new!

When I who watch them am away,

Still all things in this glade go through

The changes of their quiet day.

Then to their happy rest they pass!

The flowers upclose, the birds are fed,

The night comes down upon the grass,

The child sleeps warmly in his bed.

Calm soul of all things! make it mine

To feel, amid the city's jar,

That there abides a peace of thine,

Man did not make, and cannot mar.

The will to neither strive nor cry,

The power to feel with others give!

Calm, calm me more! nor let me die

Before I have begun to live.

Matthew Arnold

Consolation

MIST clogs the sunshine.

Smoky dwarf houses

Hem me round everywhere;

A vague dejection

Weighs down my soul.

Yet, while I languish,

Everywhere countless

Prospects unroll themselves,

And countless beings

Pass countless moods.

Far hence, in Asia,

On the smooth convent-roofs,

On the gilt terraces,

Of holy Lassa,

Bright shines the sun.

Grey time-worn marbles

Hold the pure Muses;

In their cool gallery,

By yellow Tiber,

They still look fair.

Strange unloved uproar

Shrills round their portal;

Yet not on Helicon

Kept they more cloudless

Their noble calm.

Through sun-proof alleys

In a lone, sand-hemm'd

City of Africa,

A blind, led beggar,

Age-bow'd, asks alms.

No bolder robber

Erst abode ambush'd

Deep in the sandy waste;

No clearer eyesight

Spied prey afar.

Saharan sand-winds

Sear'd his keen eyeballs;

Spent is the spoil he won.

For him the present

Holds only pain.

Two young, fair lovers,

Where the warm June-wind,

Fresh from the summer fields

Plays fondly round them,

Stand, tranced in joy.

With sweet, join'd voices,

And with eyes brimming:

"Ah," they cry, "Destiny,

Prolong the present!

Time, stand still here!"

The prompt stern Goddess

Shakes her head, frowning;

Time gives his hour-glass

Its due reversal;

Their hour is gone.

With weak indulgence

Did the just Goddess

Lengthen their happiness,

She lengthen'd also

Distress elsewhere.

The hour, whose happy

Unalloy'd moments

I would eternalise,

Ten thousand mourners

Well pleased see end.

The bleak, stern hour,

Whose severe moments

I would annihilate,

Is pass'd by others

In warmth, light, joy.

Time, so complain'd of,

Who to no one man

Shows partiality,

Brings round to all men

Some undimm'd hours.

Matthew Arnold

The Future

A WANDERER is man from his birth.

He was born in a ship

On the breast of the river of Time;

Brimming with wonder and joy

He spreads out his arms to the light,

Rivets his gaze on the banks of the stream.

As what he sees is, so have his thoughts been.

Whether he wakes,

Where the snowy mountainous pass,

Echoing the screams of the eagles,

Hems in its gorges the bed

Of the new-born clear-flowing stream;

Whether he first sees light

Where the river in gleaming rings

Sluggishly winds through the plain;

Whether in sound of the swallowing sea -

As is the world on the banks,

So is the mind of the man.

Vainly does each, as he glides,

Fable and dream

Of the lands which the river of Time

Had left ere he woke on its breast,

Or shall reach when his eyes have been closed.

Only the tract where he sails

He wots of; only the thoughts,

Raised by the objects he passes, are his.

Who can see the green earth any more

As she was by the sources of Time?

Who imagines her fields as they lay

In the sunshine, unworn by the plough?

Who thinks as they thought,

The tribes who then roam'd on her breast,

Her vigorous, primitive sons?

What girl

Now reads in her bosom as clear

As Rebekah read, when she sate

At eve by the palm-shaded well?

Who guards in her breast

As deep, as pellucid a spring

Of feeling, as tranquil, as sure?

What bard,

At the height of his vision, can deem

Of God, of the world, of the soul,

With a plainness as near,

As flashing as Moses felt

When he lay in the night by his flock

On the starlit Arabian waste?

Can rise and obey

The beck of the Spirit like him?

This tract which the river of Time

Now flows through with us, is the plain.

Gone is the calm of its earlier shore.

Border'd by cities and hoarse

With a thousand cries is its stream.

And we on its breast, our minds

Are confused as the cries which we hear,

Changing and shot as the sights which we see.

And we say that repose has fled

For ever the course of the river of Time.

That cities will crowd to its edge

In a blacker, incessanter line;

That the din will be more on its banks,

Denser the trade on its stream,

Flatter the plain where it flows,

Fiercer the sun overhead.

That never will those on its breast

See an ennobling sight,

Drink of the feeling of quiet again.

But what was before us we know not,

And we know not what shall succeed.

Haply, the river of Time -

As it grows, as the towns on its marge

Fling their wavering lights

On a wider, statelier stream -

May acquire, if not the calm

Of its early mountainous shore,

Yet a solemn peace of its own.

And the width of the waters, the hush

Of the grey expanse where he floats,

Freshening its current and spotted with foam

As it draws to the Ocean, may strike

Peace to the soul of the man on its breast -

As the pale waste widens around him,

As the banks fade dimmer away,

As the stars come out, and the night-wind

Brings up the stream

Murmurs and scents of the infinite sea.

Matthew Arnold

The Scholar-Gipsy

   GO, for they call you, shepherd, from the hill;

   Go, shepherd, and untie the wattled cotes!

      No longer leave thy wistful flock unfed,

   Nor let thy bawling fellows rack their throats,

      Nor the cropp'd herbage shoot another head.

        But when the fields are still,

   And the tired men and dogs all gone to rest,

      And only the white sheep are sometimes seen

      Cross and recross the strips of moon-blanch'd green.

   Come, shepherd, and again begin the quest!

   Here, where the reaper was at work of late--

   In this high field's dark corner, where he leaves

      His coat, his basket, and his earthen cruse,

   And in the sun all morning binds the sheaves,

      Then here, at noon, comes back his stores to use--

        Here will I sit and wait,

   While to my ear from uplands far away

      The bleating of the folded flocks is borne,

      With distant cries of reapers in the corn--

   All the live murmur of a summer's day.

   Screen'd is this nook o'er the high, half-reap'd field,

   And here till sun-down, shepherd! will I be.

      Through the thick corn the scarlet poppies peep,

   And round green roots and yellowing stalks I see

      Pale pink convolvulus in tendrils creep;

        And air-swept lindens yield

   Their scent, and rustle down their perfumed showers

      Of bloom on the bent grass where I am laid,

      And bower me from the August sun with shade;

   And the eye travels down to Oxford's towers.

   And near me on the grass lies Glanvil's book--

   Come, let me read the oft-read tale again!

      The story of the Oxford scholar poor,

   Of pregnant parts and quick inventive brain,

      Who, tired of knocking at preferment's door,

        One summer-morn forsook

   His friends, and went to learn the gipsy-lore,

      And roam'd the world with that wild brotherhood,

      And came, as most men deem'd, to little good,

   But came to Oxford and his friends no more.

   But once, years after, in the country-lanes,

   Two scholars, whom at college erst he knew,

      Met him, and of his way of life enquired;

   Whereat he answer'd, that the gipsy-crew,

      His mates, had arts to rule as they desired

        The workings of men's brains,

   And they can bind them to what thoughts they will.

      "And I," he said, "the secret of their art,

      When fully learn'd, will to the world impart;

   But it needs heaven-sent moments for this skill."

   This said, he left them, and return'd no more.--

   But rumours hung about the country-side,

      That the lost Scholar long was seen to stray,

   Seen by rare glimpses, pensive and tongue-tied,

      In hat of antique shape, and cloak of grey,

        The same the gipsies wore.

   Shepherds had met him on the Hurst in spring;

      At some lone alehouse in the Berkshire moors,

      On the warm ingle-bench, the smock-frock'd boors

   Had found him seated at their entering,

   But, 'mid their drink and clatter, he would fly.

   And I myself seem half to know thy looks,

      And put the shepherds, wanderer! on thy trace;

   And boys who in lone wheatfields scare the rooks

      I ask if thou hast pass'd their quiet place;

        Or in my boat I lie

   Moor'd to the cool bank in the summer-heats,

      'Mid wide grass meadows which the sunshine fills,

      And watch the warm, green-muffled Cumner hills,

   And wonder if thou haunt'st their shy retreats.

   For most, I know, thou lov'st retired ground!

   Thee at the ferry Oxford riders blithe,

      Returning home on summer-nights, have met

   Crossing the stripling Thames at Bab-lock-hithe,

      Trailing in the cool stream thy fingers wet,

        As the punt's rope chops round;

   And leaning backward in a pensive dream,

      And fostering in thy lap a heap of flowers

      Pluck'd in shy fields and distant Wychwood bowers,

   And thine eyes resting on the moonlit stream.

   And then they land, and thou art seen no more!--

   Maidens, who from the distant hamlets come

      To dance around the Fyfield elm in May,

   Oft through the darkening fields have seen thee roam,

      Or cross a stile into the public way.

        Oft thou hast given them store

   Of flowers--the frail-leaf'd, white anemony,

      Dark bluebells drench'd with dews of summer eves,

      And purple orchises with spotted leaves--

   But none hath words she can report of thee.

   And, above Godstow Bridge, when hay-time's here

   In June, and many a scythe in sunshine flames,

      Men who through those wide fields of breezy grass

   Where black-wing'd swallows haunt the glittering Thames,

      To bathe in the abandon'd lasher pass,

        Have often pass'd thee near

   Sitting upon the river bank o'ergrown;

      Mark'd thine outlandish garb, thy figure spare,

      Thy dark vague eyes, and soft abstracted air--

But, when they came from bathing, thou wast gone!

At some lone homestead in the Cumner hills,

Where at her open door the housewife darns,

   Thou hast been seen, or hanging on a gate

To watch the threshers in the mossy barns.

   Children, who early range these slopes and late

      For cresses from the rills,

Have known thee eyeing, all an April-day,

   The springing pasture and the feeding kine;

   And mark'd thee, when the stars come out and shine,

Through the long dewy grass move slow away.

In autumn, on the skirts of Bagley Wood--

Where most the gipsies by the turf-edged way

   Pitch their smoked tents, and every bush you see

With scarlet patches tagg'd and shreds of grey,

   Above the forest-ground called Thessaly--

      The blackbird, picking food,

Sees thee, nor stops his meal, nor fears at all;

   So often has he known thee past him stray,

   Rapt, twirling in thy hand a wither'd spray,

And waiting for the spark from heaven to fall.

And once, in winter, on the causeway chill

Where home through flooded fields foot-travellers go,

   Have I not pass'd thee on the wooden bridge,

Wrapt in thy cloak and battling with the snow,

   Thy face tow'rd Hinksey and its wintry ridge?

      And thou has climb'd the hill,

And gain'd the white brow of the Cumner range;

   Turn'd once to watch, while thick the snowflakes fall,

   The line of festal light in Christ-Church hall--

Then sought thy straw in some sequester'd grange.

But what--I dream! Two hundred years are flown

Since first thy story ran through Oxford halls,

   And the grave Glanvil did the tale inscribe

That thou wert wander'd from the studious walls

   To learn strange arts, and join a gipsy-tribe;

      And thou from earth art gone

Long since, and in some quiet churchyard laid--

   Some country-nook, where o'er thy unknown grave

   Tall grasses and white flowering nettles wave,

Under a dark, red-fruited yew-tree's shade.

--No, no, thou hast not felt the lapse of hours!

For what wears out the life of mortal men?

   'Tis that from change to change their being rolls;

'Tis that repeated shocks, again, again,

   Exhaust the energy of strongest souls

      And numb the elastic powers.

Till having used our nerves with bliss and teen,

   And tired upon a thousand schemes our wit,

   To the just-pausing Genius we remit

Our worn-out life, and are--what we have been.

Thou hast not lived, why should'st thou perish, so?

Thou hadst one aim, one business, one desire;

   Else wert thou long since number'd with the dead!

Else hadst thou spent, like other men, thy fire!

   The generations of thy peers are fled,

      And we ourselves shall go;

But thou possessest an immortal lot,

   And we imagine thee exempt from age

   And living as thou liv'st on Glanvil's page,

Because thou hadst--what we, alas! have not.

For early didst thou leave the world, with powers

Fresh, undiverted to the world without,

   Firm to their mark, not spent on other things;

Free from the sick fatigue, the languid doubt,

   Which much to have tried, in much been baffled, brings.

      O life unlike to ours!

Who fluctuate idly without term or scope,

   Of whom each strives, nor knows for what he strives,

   And each half lives a hundred different lives;

Who wait like thee, but not, like thee, in hope.

Thou waitest for the spark from heaven! and we,

Light half-believers of our casual creeds,

   Who never deeply felt, nor clearly will'd,

Whose insight never has borne fruit in deeds,

   Whose vague resolves never have been fulfill'd;

      For whom each year we see

Breeds new beginnings, disappointments new;

   Who hesitate and falter life away,

   And lose to-morrow the ground won to-day--

Ah! do not we, wanderer! await it too?

Yes, we await it!--but it still delays,

And then we suffer! and amongst us one,

   Who most has suffer'd, takes dejectedly

His seat upon the intellectual throne;

   And all his store of sad experience he

      Lays bare of wretched days;

Tells us his misery's birth and growth and signs,

   And how the dying spark of hope was fed,

   And how the breast was soothed, and how the head,

And all his hourly varied anodynes.

This for our wisest! and we others pine,

And wish the long unhappy dream would end,

   And waive all claim to bliss, and try to bear;

With close-lipp'd patience for our only friend,

   Sad patience, too near neighbour to despair--

      But none has hope like thine!

Thou through the fields and through the woods dost stray,

   Roaming the country-side, a truant boy,

   Nursing thy project in unclouded joy,

And every doubt long blown by time away.

O born in days when wits were fresh and clear,

And life ran gaily as the sparkling Thames;

   Before this strange disease of modern life,

With its sick hurry, its divided aims,

   Its heads o'ertax'd, its palsied hearts, was rife--

      Fly hence, our contact fear!

Still fly, plunge deeper in the bowering wood!

   Averse, as Dido did with gesture stern

   From her false friend's approach in Hades turn,

Wave us away, and keep thy solitude!

Still nursing the unconquerable hope,

Still clutching the inviolable shade,

   With a free, onward impulse brushing through,

By night, the silver'd branches of the glade--

   Far on the forest-skirts, where none pursue,

      On some mild pastoral slope

Emerge, and resting on the moonlit pales

   Freshen thy flowers as in former years

   With dew, or listen with enchanted ears,

From the dark dingles, to the nightingales!

But fly our paths, our feverish contact fly!

For strong the infection of our mental strife,

   Which, though it gives no bliss, yet spoils for rest;

And we should win thee from thy own fair life,

   Like us distracted, and like us unblest.

      Soon, soon thy cheer would die,

Thy hopes grow timorous, and unfix'd thy powers,

   And thy clear aims be cross and shifting made;

   And then thy glad perennial youth would fade,

Fade and grow old at last, and die like ours.

Then fly our greetings, fly our speech and smiles!

--As some grave Tyrian trader, from the sea,

   Descried at sunrise an emerging prow

Lifting the cool-hair'd creepers stealthily,

   The fringes of a southward-facing brow

      Among the Ægæan Isles;

And saw the merry Grecian coaster come,

   Freighted with amber grapes, and Chian wine,

   Green, bursting figs, and tunnies steep'd in brine--

And knew the intruders on his ancient home,

The young light-hearted masters of the waves--

And snatch'd his rudder, and shook out more sail;

   And day and night held on indignantly

O'er the blue Midland waters with the gale,

   Betwixt the Syrtes and soft Sicily,

      To where the Atlantic raves

Outside the western straits; and unbent sails

   There, where down cloudy cliffs, through sheets of foam,

   Shy traffickers, the dark Iberians come;

And on the beach undid his corded bales.

Matthew Arnold